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The whale shark, Rhincodon typus, is a plankton-eating shark
that is the largest fish species. In English this fish is called a whale shark
because of its large body size [and its eating habits by filtering sea water to
resemble most whales. Also called the name gorango bintang in the language
because of the shape on the color patterns on the back that are spotted, like
stars in the sky.
These sharks wander in tropical oceans and warm oceans, and
can live up to 70 years of age. This species is believed to have originated
around 60 million years ago. Whale sharks are the largest living animal in the
world, outside of whales. The average size of an adult animal is estimated to
be around 97 meters (318.2 ft) and weighing 9 tons. The largest specimens that
can be verified, were those caught on November 11, 1947, in Karachi, Pakistan.
Its length is around 1,265 meters (4,150.46 ft) and weighs more than 21.5 tons,
while its body circumference is around 21 meters (68.9 ft). Not infrequently the
stories about much larger latitudes - up to 18 meters (59 ft) in length and
weighing up to 45.5 tons - but so far there is no scientific evidence.
As plankton eaters, who get their prey by filtering
seawater, the whale shark has a large mouth, up to 15 meters (49.2 ft) wide
which contains 10 filter sheets and about 300 to 350 small rows of teeth. This
fish also has five pairs of large gills. Two small eyes are located at the
front end of his flat and wide head. His body color is generally grayish with a
white stomach; three long strokes on each side of his body, and freckles and
whitish yellow lines that form a checkered pattern. Polka dots - impressive as
a sprinkling of stars - are typical of each individual, and are often used in
population calculations. The skin is as thick as 10 centimeters (3.9 in).
Dorsal and pectoral fins are each pair. In young animals, the tail fin is
longer and the upper one; while in adult animals this fin is more shaped like a
crescent moon. Whale sharks are one of three species of sharks, which are known
to eat by filtering sea water. Foods include plankton, krill, beach crab
larvae, macro algae, and small nectonic animals such as squid or small
vertebrates. Whale sharks are also known to prey on small fish and scatter
millions of fish and sperm fish that float in sea water during the season
spawning fish hordes.
Whale sharks eat passively by opening their mouths wide
while swimming slowly, letting sea water enter freely and out behind the oral
cavity through the gill slits, while the food is filtered by filter sheets in
its mouth. Occasionally, latitude bars eat actively by opening and closing
their mouths, so that sea water is sucked into the oral cavity and then pressed
out through the gill slits. In both ways, the water will penetrate the filter
sheet - which seems to be a modification of the gill filter comb - almost
parallel to the sheets, and not in the direction perpendicular to it; while a
more concentrated flow of food continues into the fish's esophagus. Rows of
small teeth in the mouth of this fish do not seem to play a role in the feeding
process. Occasionally, a crossing of the sea is seen as 'coughing' in the
water; this might be the mechanism for cleaning the filter sheet from the dirt
that clogs it. This shark is known to migrate long distances to get its food,
and it is also possible to breed.



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